Top 10 Hypothetical Space Objects
Iron stars do not currently exist in the universe. They are speculated to form only when protons can no longer deteriorate. These stars are thought to undergo a process involving quantum tunneling, which fuses ordinary matter into iron-56 nuclei, eventually producing iron through fission. Iron stars are expected to form in the very distant future, potentially around 10^1000 to 10^2000 years from now. This is a highly speculative and far-future possibility.
In basic terms, a white hole functions almost exactly like a black hole, except that instead of sucking in matter and light, it expels them. This makes it impossible to enter a white hole due to the overwhelming amounts of energy being released. White holes are a theoretical concept, and there is no consistent evidence to confirm their existence. However, there was one candidate, GRB 060614, detected in June 2006, which was theorized to be a possible white hole. (GRB stands for "gamma-ray burst.")
A carbon planet is a hypothetical planet rich in carbon, with more carbon than oxygen. It is thought that such planets could contain abundant amounts of diamonds under high pressure. Carbon planets are believed to lack water or have very little of it. Some speculate that carbon planets may have existed in the early universe. While there are exoplanets that might be classified as carbon planets, their existence has not yet been confirmed.
A coreless planet is a hypothetical type of planet that does not have a metal core. For a coreless planet to form, iron and water must be present. The iron reacts with the water to form an oxide, releasing hydrogen. The oxidized iron cannot form a core because it becomes confined.
These types of stars are hypothesized to be larger than the known largest stars in the universe. It is speculated that they might have formed during the earlier stages of the universe, possibly through the collapse of a massive star, resulting in a black hole that continues to produce energy equivalent to its gravitational forces. Unlike nuclear fusion, quasi stars are powered by black holes. Their diameter can exceed 7,000 times that of the Sun, spanning over 10 billion kilometers, and they consist of thousands of solar masses. Quasi Stars are also known as Black Hole Stars. In the current age of the universe, they cannot form due to changes in helium and hydrogen through elemental processes.
A frozen star is a hypothetical space object, unlikely to currently exist in the universe. It would have low surface temperatures averaging around 273 K, making it dimmer and colder than even the faintest red dwarfs. Such stars might form in the far future when increased metallicity in the universe prevents stars from sustaining hydrogen fusion, leading to the formation of frozen stars due to high concentrations of metals in the interstellar medium.
Planet Nine is a famous hypothetical planet approximately the size of Neptune, with an orbit far beyond Pluto's. It is estimated to take over 10,000 years to complete one orbit around the Sun. Currently, astronomers are still searching for this planet. Despite the use of powerful telescopes, surveys, and other equipment, there is still no observation that confirms the planet's existence, leaving it a theoretical concept.
Planet Nine is suggested to be 10 times more massive than Earth and may have a radius twice or more than Earth's. It is also hypothesized to be the cause of the unusual orbits of various objects in the outer regions of the solar system.
A quark star is a hypothetical type of star composed of free quarks or strange quarks, existing at extremely high temperatures. Quark stars are thought to be smaller in scale compared to neutron stars but are much denser. They are said to form under intense pressure, causing neutrons to break down into quarks. Due to their enormous densities, quark stars are often mistaken for neutron stars. Several supernovae have been proposed as potential quark star candidates, though the existence of quark stars has not yet been confirmed.
Black dwarfs form when white dwarfs have completely cooled and crystallized through the gradual loss of thermal radiation. However, black dwarfs do not currently exist because the universe is not old enough for white dwarfs to have cooled down to this stage. It is not yet known how long it will take for white dwarfs to cool sufficiently to become black dwarfs.
Since the universe is relatively young, blue dwarfs cannot form yet. Blue dwarfs are thought to be an evolutionary stage of red dwarfs. As stars age, they emit more light and energy, eventually evolving into giants as they increase in size. A red dwarf with at least one-fourth or less of the solar mass is said to increase its surface temperature to the point where the star appears blue.
No red dwarf has yet depleted its entire hydrogen supply because they consume hydrogen at a slow rate. Therefore, as mentioned above, the universe is currently too young for blue dwarfs to exist.
If a space elevator were real, I could see the Moon in person without even using a telescope! I'm waiting!
A space elevator is a hypothetical elevator or tower that would take you up to space.
There are believed to be planets similar to ours, but the closest we've found only have hints of similarities to Earth, such as mass, diameter, and composition. Although we know some details about their atmospheric compositions, we don't know what thrives there or what they look like up close.
Not all of them orbit stars similar to our Sun. Many also orbit red dwarfs, which are small, dim, cooler, and often emit powerful flares much more violent than those from our Sun. These flares can sterilize the planets' atmospheres and surfaces.
Despite our efforts, finding Earth-like planets is like finding a needle in a haystack, and we still don't know if they support life.