Top 10 Philosophical Theories and Concepts Proposed by Philosophers

1 "Cogito, ergo sum" (I think, therefore I am) - Rene Descartes

2 Categorical Imperative - Immanuel Kant

3 Theory of Forms - Plato

4 The Theory of Being and Non-Being - Parmenides

5 Socratic Method - Socrates

6 Atomism - Democritus and Leucippus

7 Four Causes - Aristotle

8 Hume's Causation - David Hume

9 "Deus est omnium rerum causa immanens, non vero transiens" (God is the immanent, and not the transitive cause of all things) - Baruch Spinoza

10 "Schönheit ist Freiheit in der Erscheinung" (Beauty is freedom in appearance) - Friedrich Schiller

The Contenders

11 Collective Unconscious - Carl Jung

12 The City of God - St. Augustine

13 Labor Theory of Value - Karl Marx